What are Lymphomas and Leukemias?
Lymphomas and leukemias are cancers of the blood and lymphatic system. They arise from abnormal white blood cells and require specialised haemato-oncology care with precise diagnosis and staged treatment.
Main Categories
- Hodgkin lymphoma: Often highly treatable, especially in early stages.
- Non-Hodgkin lymphoma: Includes many subtypes with different treatment pathways.
- Acute leukemias: Rapid progression requiring urgent treatment.
- Chronic leukemias: May progress slowly; treatment depends on subtype and risk.
Common Symptoms
- Persistent fatigue or weakness
- Unexplained fever, night sweats, or weight loss
- Swollen lymph nodes
- Frequent infections or easy bruising
Diagnosis and Treatment Options
Diagnosis includes blood tests, bone marrow evaluation, flow cytometry, imaging, and molecular testing. Treatments may include chemotherapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, radiation, and in selected cases, stem cell transplantation.
When to Consult a Specialist
Consult immediately if blood counts are abnormal, lymph nodes remain enlarged, or symptoms persist. Early specialist referral is critical for accurate subtype classification.
Frequently Asked Questions
Are blood cancers curable?
Many lymphomas and leukemias are curable or controllable long-term, depending on subtype, stage, and patient factors.
How long does treatment last?
Duration varies from months to years based on disease type and response to therapy.
