What are HPB Cancers?
Hepato-pancreatico-biliary (HPB) cancers include liver cancer (hepatocellular carcinoma), pancreatic cancer, gallbladder cancer, and bile duct (cholangiocarcinoma) cancers. These are complex diseases that require coordinated care between surgical and medical oncology teams.
Common Types
- Liver cancer: Often associated with chronic liver disease or hepatitis.
- Pancreatic cancer: May present late; early specialist evaluation is crucial.
- Gallbladder and bile duct cancers: Require tailored surgical and systemic approaches.
Symptoms and Diagnosis
Symptoms may include jaundice, abdominal pain, weight loss, and digestive changes. Diagnosis uses imaging (ultrasound, CT, MRI), tumour markers, endoscopic evaluation, and biopsy when appropriate.
Treatment Options
- Surgery for resectable tumours
- Chemotherapy and targeted therapy for advanced disease
- Immunotherapy in selected biliary tract cancers
- Locoregional therapies for liver lesions in appropriate cases
When to Consult a Specialist
Early referral improves treatment planning. Consult promptly for jaundice, persistent abdominal symptoms, or an HPB cancer diagnosis.
Frequently Asked Questions
Are HPB cancers treatable?
Many patients benefit from modern combinations of surgery, systemic therapy, and supportive care. Outcomes depend on cancer type, stage, and overall health.
Is genetic testing useful?
Yes. Biomarker and genetic testing can identify targeted therapy options, especially in pancreatic and biliary cancers.
