Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Cancers

Hepato-pancreato-biliary (HPB) cancers affect the liver, pancreas, and biliary system. These include:

1. Liver Cancer (Hepatocellular Carcinoma – HCC)

  • Symptoms: Unexplained weight loss, abdominal pain, jaundice, nausea, and swollen abdomen.
  • Screening & Diagnosis: Imaging (CT, MRI, ultrasound), liver function tests, and biopsy.
  • Treatment: Surgery, liver transplantation, targeted therapy (sorafenib, lenvatinib), and immunotherapy.

2. Pancreatic Cancer

  • Symptoms: Jaundice, back pain, loss of appetite, unexplained weight loss, and digestive issues.
  • Screening & Diagnosis: CT scan, MRI, endoscopic ultrasound, and biopsy.
  • Treatment: Surgery (Whipple procedure), chemotherapy (gemcitabine, FOLFIRINOX), and targeted therapy.

3. Biliary Tract Cancer (Cholangiocarcinoma & Gallbladder Cancer)

  • Symptoms: Jaundice, pale stools, dark urine, itching, and abdominal pain.
  • Screening & Diagnosis: MRCP, ERCP, CT scan, biopsy.
  • Treatment: Surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy (pemigatinib, ivosidenib), and immunotherapy.

Conclusion

Breast, gynecological, and hepato-pancreato-biliary cancers are significant health concerns. Regular screenings, awareness of symptoms, and consulting a doctor when necessary are key steps in early detection and effective treatment. With medical advancements, targeted and personalized therapies continue to improve patient outcomes.